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birch trumpet
The birch trumpet (Norwegian: neverlur, Swedish: näverlur, Latvian: taure, Lithuanian: ragas, daudytė〔http://www.folkinstruments.lt/eng/puciamieji.htm#ragai〕) is a type of natural trumpet made of spruce covered with birch bark, known in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus. Even cruder and less durable versions were made of plain birch bark. They are associated with the early European Chalet culture, where it was presumably used to intimidate predators, frighten supernatural enemies, and convene council meetings.
The neverlur, as a natural horn, thus has no fingerholes or valves. Normally, a player can play 10 tones from the natural scale on the instrument. In the modern era, the neverlur is primarily a cultural curiosity, used for the occasional fanfare.
Tolga kulturskole (''culture school'') in Norway regularly teaches playing the neverlur to all interested people living in the municipality.
The oldest recovered näverlur in Sweden dates back to the 10th century, and resembles earlier bronze trumpets.
==Contemporary manufacturers==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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